https://puiij.com/index.php/research/issue/feed Partners Universal International Innovation Journal 2026-10-25T00:00:00+00:00 Editor editor@puiij.com Open Journal Systems https://puiij.com/index.php/research/article/view/234 Multicloud Computing in the Enterprise: A Strategic, Architectural, and Governance Framework for Resilient and Compliant Cloud Adoption 2026-10-22T03:57:59+00:00 Dr. A. Shaji George editor@puiij.com <p>Considered one of the most significant enterprises in information technology (IT) in the last 10 years, multicloud computing is a trend that is continuing to grow and demonstrate its importance. Organisations are no longer tying workload to a single cloud provider, but are now hosting applications, data, and services on two or more cloud providers public or private based on the specific strengths of each. First, this article addresses multi-cloud from a few different perspectives, starting with the definition and the difference between multi-cloud and hybrid cloud deployments. It then examines the benefits that make these attractive less vendor lock-in, more fault tolerance, geographic flexibility, and cost flexibility and considers how the multiple environments introduce operational complexity and interoperability challenges and expose security vulnerabilities. According to the study, there are four key elements of a successful multicloud strategy. Cloud Agnostic Architecture, Governance and Compliance, Cost Optimization, and Unified Security. It provides guidance on best practices for evaluation, the selection of vendors and the ongoing monitoring, and outlines representative use cases from disaster recovery to regulatory compliance and specific services consumed. The article concludes with a discussion on the ongoing industry trends, challenges, new solutions, and the future of multicloud computing. The main takeaway is that if backed by disciplined governance, portable architectures, and investments in workforce, then multicloud provides measurable value, and that the complexity of multicloud should not be an afterthought.</p> 2026-10-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://puiij.com/index.php/research/article/view/235 Physical AI Bridging the Digital Mind and the Material World 2026-10-22T04:01:51+00:00 Dr. A. Shaji George editor@puiij.com <p>Physical AI is a pivotal moment in the interaction of machines with the physical world. It refers to a family of AI systems that interact with the physical world by integrating high-level models with sensors, actuators and control systems to perceive, reason, decide and act in the physical world. Physical AI, unlike generative or digital-only AI, that creates text, code or images within the confines of software, exists where what matters is measurable in motion, force and matter. This article discusses the field in six dimensions historical background in robotics and embodied cognition, underlying architecture of perception, planning and action, industries being reshaped, barriers that continue to limit the field, and engineering and policy reactions that are beginning to take shape, and paths that are likely to shape the next decade. The analysis is based on the latest research in the industry, market forecasts and peer-reviewed studies to ensure a balance between caution and enthusiasm. Results indicate that as Physical AI is making strides in sectors such as transportation, manufacturing, healthcare, and retail, there are still hurdles, including challenges in simulation to reality, energy consumption, ethical considerations, and workforce adaptation. The article ends by stating that there is a need for organizations and policy makers to get ready for a future where intelligent machines are moving, manipulating and working in collaboration with humans in all the areas of economic life.</p> 2026-10-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://puiij.com/index.php/research/article/view/236 The Data Lake Graveyard Petabytes In, No Insights Out 2026-10-22T04:04:51+00:00 Dr. A. Shaji George editor@puiij.com <p>The promise of enterprise data lakes was that they would be the powerhouse of competitive advantage. Boards bought into them, CIOs backed them, and vendors sold them with machine learning at scale, real-time analytics and a single source of truth in tow. The balance sheet is a different story 4-5 years later. Data is constantly coming in from ERP systems, CRM platforms, IoT sensors and third-party feeds, in petabytes. The amount of flow out as decisions moving revenue, cost or risk is very small. This article explores why most enterprise data platforms, such as on Snowflake, Databricks, AWS, Azure Synapse, Google BigQuery and on-premise Hadoop distributions, have turned into a graveyard for expensive storage and not a decision engine. It demystifies the consumption-based vendor playbook that keeps compute meters running, explores twenty real-world consumption patterns that result in financial leakage and estimates the annual leakage, which typically starts at SAR 8 million and goes up to SAR 25 million in large organisations. The analysis then provides a structured recovery roadmap, which includes a FinOps baselining, decommissioning, rationalization and governance. The main thesis is straightforward. There is no correlation between the amount of data ingested and data value. It's dependent on the quantity of decisions enabled. Businesses that don't know the difference pay a monthly bill to maintain a graveyard.</p> 2026-10-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://puiij.com/index.php/research/article/view/237 Wireless Local Area Networks: Architecture, Security, and the Transformation of Enterprise Connectivity 2026-10-22T04:07:59+00:00 Dr. A. Shaji George editor@puiij.com <p>Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) have grown from a convenience feature to become the main medium of access for enterprise, residential and industrial computing. This article will delve into the basics of the technology, its working principles, standards, and its significance in the current digital landscape. The talk will discuss the evolution of radio-based local networking from wired dependence, the development of the IEEE 802.11 family of standards and the creation of the Wi-Fi ecosystem, and the recent arrival of new frequency bands at 6 GHz, which will increase capacity in dense environments. Focus is placed on the layers of architecture used to support large deployments, including access points, wireless controllers and segmentation techniques like VLANs. The paper also covers the security stance necessary to secure wireless traffic, such as the latest in encryption standards and policy-based access control as well as the operational challenges that remain and impact performance and reliability. The analysis of 2026 trends is dedicated to the fast adoption of Wi-Fi 7, the new Wi-Fi 8 ultra-reliability standard and the use of artificial intelligence to manage wireless platforms. The article ends with a discussion on the future prospects of WLANs in supporting developments in robotics, extended reality and autonomous operations and provides some practical considerations for organisations looking towards a long-term wireless strategy.</p> 2026-10-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://puiij.com/index.php/research/article/view/238 The Agent Internet A New Evolutionary Phase of the Web and Its Global Impact 2026-10-22T04:10:38+00:00 Dr. A. Shaji George editor@puiij.com B. Roshini editor@puiij.com Dr. T. Baskar editor@puiij.com <p>Large language model (LLM) based software agents are transitioning from one shot assistants to long term actors that plan, negotiate and accomplish tasks with multiple services. This transformation is resulting in what researchers call the Agent Internet, the Agentic Web or the Internet of Agents, in which programs are full-fledged players alongside people. This article summarizes academic surveys, industry studies and public market data from 2025 to 2026 to outline the multi-layered nature of this setup and to consider its pros and cons. According to market estimates, the revenue for agent software is estimated to be around eight billion dollars in 2025 and up to 35-53 billion dollars in 2030. Adoption statistics tell a tale of much experimentation and few pilots taking it to scale. We discuss communication protocols that enable agents to find and trust each other, the as yet undeveloped identity and payment layers and the burden of agent traffic on advertising supported content. But the challenges that we see are not just capabilities, but security, accountability, interoperability, and who pays for content and compute. Finally, we highlight some of the current research and policy gaps and suggest avenues for a responsible construction.</p> 2026-10-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://puiij.com/index.php/research/article/view/239 Cube Root Expectation of Cube Root Mean of Random Variables 2026-10-22T04:14:52+00:00 Dhritikesh Chakrabarty editor@puiij.com <p>Concepts of cube root expectation of random variable was introduced with formulating its definition and deriving some of its elementary properties in an earlier study. One property of cube root expectation which relates the cube root expectation and the cube root mean of a finite number of random variables has been derived here. Derivation of the property has been presented in this article.</p> 2026-10-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026